1.Diamond film used in new water treatment technology

In June 2008, the Spanish city Zaragoza, held a world exposition entitled "Water and Sustainable Development". Germany has demonstrated its sustainable water treatment innovation and creativity. They use a diamond film electrode to purify drinking water, and visitors can start a crank generator (a technology from Condias), a sparkling diamond electrode, the oxidation process begins, and the purification process starts. The use of electrodes remove the harmful organic substances in the water, not using any chemical substances. This method effectively avoids undesirable substances such as pesticides or drug residues in drinking water. Experts believe that this is a promising innovation.

2.Diamond is expected to become the strongest detergent

This is a research project co-authored by the British Engineering and Natural Sciences Research Council and the Procter & Gamble Group, the University of Warwick and Aston University. "Every year consumers need to wash their clothes about 80 times in about 60 to 90 degrees Celsius. We only want to get rid of the oil on our clothes. Our study can easily solve the problem of grease even in the water temperature as low as 15 degrees Celsius, these nano-level diamonds will also be easy to wash away the oil and its physical and chemical principles can lay a solid foundation for future research. "said Dr. Andrew Marsh of the University of Warwick.

In addition to being used for decorative embellishment, diamonds may soon have another skill, to wash clothes, becoming a true friend of the housewife. British scientists have found that adding some diamond particles in the detergent (a diamond nano particle size is about one thousandth of your hair diameter), the decontamination effect will increase several times, improved washing powder on the stubborn stains are particularly effective. Researchers believe that this finding will help solve the annoying greasy problem when washing clothes, at least cheaper than buying your clothes again.

3.Diamond into the field of global water jet cutting

When the sharp increase in water jet cutting applications, users put forward higher requirements in improving equipment productivity and shorten the replacement parts of the time, which promoted the development of diamond water cutter. High-pressure water cutting technology is widely used in industrial applications, it can be used to cut chocolate, steel, paper, plastic, wood, granite and other materials. The application of its growth stems from its fast, flexible, accurate, green, cost-effective and other advantages.

Compared with sapphires, the life of diamond bits can be extended by 15 to 20 times. Experiments show that the use of pure water at 3500pa pressure after 1000 hours the water jet cutting quality and water consumption of the two basically no change. Likewise, water cutting experiments with abrasives did not change the water cut quality and water usage after 100,000 cycles of experimentation.

4.The use of diamond UV sensors in fire detection systems

The traditional sensor is alarmed by detecting the heat and smoke in the early stages of the fire. Unlike the traditional sensor, this new type of UV detection fire sensor is a new technology that develops from fire to the heat and smoke before the dangerous stage can quickly find the fire.

The new detection system consists of a sensor and an alarm device, the system of UV light using the NIMS company specifically for the development of artificial diamond film window material. In addition, this new detection system not only has a faster response time than conventional sensors, but also has advantages in terms of energy consumption and size.

This kind of diamond UV sensor ‘s operating only need a 9V dry battery, and diamond UV photosensitive device long life, low energy consumption. By comparison, the traditional fire detection system using vacuum tube photovoltaic cells, the normal operation requires a voltage of more than 300V, the device energy consumption is great. In addition, the traditional sensor size is big and easy to be crashed, on the contrary, the new diamond UV sensor structure is compact (8 × 5mm) and with a good impact resistance.

5.New generation of diamond tool, to create "the king of precision machinery"

The new grating scribing machine performance is superior, the maximum scribe area is 400mm × 500mm, the maximum mark density is 6000 lines / mm, both are world-class level. The precision mechanical system will include the use of multi-layer structure fully compatible with the "Abbe principle", load-bearing and integrated one-piece quartz tool rails, diamond tool half-way continuous switching technology and to achieve continuous operation and intermittent characterization unique working methods and other innovative points.

Speaking of what is called "the king of precision machinery," the grating scribing machine, many people feel very strange, that is far from their own lives, in fact, large space exploration, small blood glucose test, In fact, large space probe, small blood glucose testing, grating play a role ultimately. The machine is the machine tool for making the grating.

Grating spectrometer core components, only have a new raster technology, can spawn new spectral instruments and to promote the rapid development of the entire spectrometer industry. The development of large-scale high-precision diffraction grating scribing machine will greatly enhance the level of grating manufacturing in China, promote the rapid development of spectrometer industry and spectrum test technology, and enhance the independent innovation capability of precision machinery manufacturing industry in China.

6.The Application of Diamond in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Second Affiliated Hospital of Central South University, Interventional Therapy Center for the first time using coronary vertebrae grinding machine successfully cured two "porcelain" patients with coronary heart disease, two patients on the doctor set up a large thumb said: "You are really amazing, really have a diamond, Not afraid of porcelain live. "

Coronary rotation is a type of minimally invasive surgery. This procedure is through a diamond with a grinding head of the catheter to the patient's coronary artery calcification of the part of the grinding head to tens of thousands of revolutions per second speed will be part of the calcification, calcification debris is smaller than red blood cells. Debris will gradually be removed with the flow of blood throughout the body, for the patient's blood flow to get through the channel.

7.Diamond becomes a good friend of the aircraft manufacturer

Carbon fiber plastic (CFRP) has become an indispensable material in the aerospace industry. As a very light alternative material, in some applications where is growing, their position is already above aluminum, but when the material is machined need a lot of tools. The use of multi-layer diamond coating, the user do economic processing for this highly abrasive material, can get the desired results at the same time.

The extensive use of diamond coatings for industrial production is built on the basis of customer and specific applications, since each tool manufacturer has its own requirements for the performance of its tools. Only through the high quality and perfect match for the diamond coating, in order to achieve the required tool life or feed speed. Compared with uncoated tools, in some applications using this way, performance is likely to increase by more than 500%. For example, using an uncoated tool can drill 90 holes, but using a coating tool without a fault drilling 500 holes. The use of diamond coating, and even aircraft manufacturers required up to H8 level of high tolerance can be achieved.

Diamond coating is the ideal coating for well-developed drilling or milling tools, so it is an important part of the complete tool "concept", or in other words: "Diamond coating is the best friend for aircraft manufacturers".

8.Diamond is considered as one of the most suitable materials for antimicrobial cabinet countertops

Countertop is an important part of the cabinet, the countertop of the anti-fouling ability, hardness, resistance to acidity and other characteristics directly affect the appearance and stability of the cabinet, diamond due to excellent performance is recognized as one of the most suitable for the countertop material. The Jiexi company successfully developed a new generation of anti-bacterial diamond countertops.

The development of the new diamond table not only combined with all the advantages of the previous artificial table, but also the surface color is brighter, light cleanliness is better, cracking probability is almost zero, compared to artificial table, more hardness, high temperature, environmental protection and non-toxic superior characteristics.

The new diamond table quartz content of up to 93%, quartz crystal is the natural hardness of diamond after the natural minerals, the surface hardness can be as high as Papanese 81 or more, much larger than the kitchen used knife, shovel and other tools, not being hurt. Gas furnace, oil pan and other heat generated by the diamond surface will not have any direct damage, with other table can not match the high temperature characteristics, so that it avoids the high temperature caused by the dent, focal spot and other phenomena.

Diamond is the same as the surface, dense non-porous composite material, the quartz surface of the kitchen in the acid and alkali have excellent corrosion resistance, the daily use of soy sauce, vinegar and other colored liquid material will not penetrate the inside of the table. Daily cleaning only need to rinse with water, even after a long period of use, the surface is also as bright as the new table, without maintenance.

9.Synthetic diamond used in network security communication system

Eavesdropping has been a global economic problem and has caused huge financial losses every year. The solution to this problem is to cut off all channels that may be intercepted. Shane Huntingdon, a professor of physics at the University of Melbourne, Australia, invented a technology that uses synthetic diamonds to solve the security problems of communication systems. This system does not prevent criminals from intruding into the communications network, but once the eavesdropper invades, all users in the network can immediately know that there is an intruder, react quickly and choose other channels to transmit information. This is a great improvement to the existing security system.

The key to this technology is quantum cryptography, which uses fiber to transmit information when only one photon is transmitted at a time. Artificial diamond can grow some flaws to meet this single photon requirement. Because the quantum state can not be copied, the user immediately knows if someone is tapping the message.

10.Diamond material used in the wall material of reactor 

The ITER program is a major international cooperation program for the world's science and technology community to address the future energy problems of mankind. Its goal is to develop nuclear energy that is not polluted and has no impact on global warming.

Because diamond has a unique ability to withstand the heat generated by the next generation of nuclear reactors, the Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland, will have a diamond-coated substrate selected as the wall material for the reactor. In addition, the diamond's anti-axis radiation ability and its chemical stability in the hydrogen plasma environment is also an important reason for the diamond to be a selected material.

"We believe that we are entering an era of diamond performance being excavated, and that diamonds will be the only choice in more and more fields," says Dwain Aidala of SP3, USA. "Our 650 hot filament CVD Diamond deposition equipment, the main reason for the adoption is that it can achieve large area and low cost deposition of diamond film, deposition thickness can be selected between 200nm and 50μm, diameter up to 300mm.

11.Nano-diamond can be used to transport brain tumor chemotherapy drugs

Researchers at the University of California's Jonathan Comprehensive Cancer Center have developed an innovative drug delivery system that utilizes tiny particles of nano-diamond to deliver chemotherapy and reach the brain's tumor. The new treatment method can effectively kill cancer cells and have lower chance of side effects than existing treatment methods.

Adriamycin is a common chemotherapeutic agent. Direct injection into the tumor, as the drug to treat the tumor. Department of Dentistry, University of California, Dean Adriamycin molecules attached to the surface of nano-diamond to create a compound ND-DOX.

The study found that the ND-DOX water remained stable over the injection of doxorubicin alone, indicating that adriamycin attached to the nano-diamond entered the tumor and had a longer retention time. It has also been found that ND-DOX can increase the death of cancer cells and reduce the viability of glioma cells.

The study showed for the first time that ND-DOX transport a limited amount of doxorubicin, scattered outside the tumor. This mode of transport reduces the side effects and ensures that the drug stays longer at the tumor, increases the effectiveness of the drug to kill the tumor without affecting the surrounding tissue.

12.For the HTC diamond ground cleaning system

The Diamond Cleaning System (DCS) is a new type of floor treatment and maintenance technology that is mechanically carried out using particulate diamond technology. Diamond Floor Cleaning Technology has two systems, called Twister and Hybrid, both of which are part of the HTC eco-friendly clean and innovative technology.

Twister is an innovative cleaning system consisting of a series of discs, each of which is implanted with hundred millions of fine diamond particles and cured, to use a mechanical way rather than a traditional chemical cleaner, the ground is cleaned and polished.

Hybrid system for the damaged, serious wear and tear of natural stone and terrazzo bring new life. Easy to use, environmentally friendly, an effective tool for eliminating blemishes, scratches and orange peel defects, just use the general floor cleaning machine and water.

13.Diamond tools are used to target microelectronics

Dr. John Patten of the University of West Michigan, USA, developed a micro-laser assisted processing called "μ-LAM" that combines laser and diamond tools to heat soften and cut silicon semiconductors and ceramic materials.

"Μ-LAM" processing device integrates an infrared fiber laser (wavelength range of 1000 ~ 1500nm), Fen laser beam through a very high degree of clarity of the single point of diamond cutting tool to the workpiece, the workpiece material heated to 600 ℃, the diamond tool with a radius of 5 m to 5 mm is machined by an epoxy resin (For processing of milliwatts of laser power) or welding / brazing (for processing of 1 watt or more of laser power), by means of a laser mounted in a tungsten or carbide housing.

Patten said that μ-LAM processing technology can also reduce processing time and processing costs, and get a very smooth optical surface. "When using conventional methods, if you want to create an optical element (such as a mirror), it is usually necessary to start from the casting of the workpiece blank, and then a series of processing steps: coarse grinding, fine grinding, grinding, and ultimately forming. Method to replace the original series of processes, CNC machine tools with a single point of cutting tools, and can also get a good surface roughness (Ra1 ~ 10nm).

"Our initial goal is to target the optics and semiconductor industry, but now it seems that most of its applications will be in high-energy, high-temperature microelectronic devices. In the semiconductor industry, silicon is the carrier of chips and integrated circuits," said Patten. The higher temperature of the working conditions, people will use silicon carbide. Therefore, now all of our energy is almost always concentrated on the processing of silicon carbide.

14.CVD diamond for new EDM electrodes

In the EDM tool, electrode is a very important factor, the performance of the electrode materials will affect the electrode EDM performance, such as material removal rate, tool loss rate, workpiece surface quality, etc., so the correct choice of electrode material for EDM is of paramount importance.

K / Suzuki and others studied the use of conductive CVD diamond thick film (0.5mm) as the electrode material for EDM. This CVD diamond in the CVD process by doping boron to acquire electric conductivity, small resistance, high thermal conductivity, the EDM oil processing medium in the precipitation of carbon has a strong adsorption capacity. Experiments show that, under certain processing conditions, CVD diamond electrode can achieve a high material removal rate, while the electrode loss is almost zero, in particular, it can not use Cu or graphite electrode at high current density processing.

15.Synthetic single crystal diamond used in laser micro - hole technology

In recent years, the integrated circuit industry has been rapidly developed, helping the relevant industries at the same time, especially the upstream base industry booming. As the integrated circuit, the key material of large scale integrated circuit, with the integrated circuit and semiconductor devices to the packaging of multi-lead, high integration and miniaturization of the development, bonding gold wire technical indicators are getting higher and higher, high purity, high temperature, ultra-fine, long wire demand quickly increased. Synthetic single crystal diamond is the ideal material for integrated circuit lead mold, research and development of single crystal diamond integrated circuit precision lead die is an important task of science and technology workers around the world.

Zhang Qinjian and others pointed out: laser micro-drilling technology is synthetic single crystal diamond integrated circuit lead mold processing an important way to use the traditional laser CNC drilling model, difficult to achieve accurate aperture. We propose a new model that controlling the rotational speed of the workpiece and the laser pulse energy for laser drilling is effective.

Using the new CNC model of the integrated circuit lead die laser drilling, accuracy of hole greatly improved, can get 3.5μm aperture.

16. Used as a wear-resistant diamond coating

US SP3 company can provide nanocrystalline diamond from the surface roughness of less than 10nm ultra-smooth to over 10μm controllable micron crystal products, ideal for applications in the wear-resistant surface, including seals and bearings, etc., micron-grained diamond film is very suitable for use in the field of chemical mechanical polishing. Both of these CVD diamond film products are suitable for applications where conditions are harsh and demanding on the environment, and they exhibit high hardness, low coefficient of friction, high abrasion resistance and excellent thermal conductivity over any other material.

At present, wafer manufacturing is developing toward smaller geometries in 22nm and highly corroded abrasives (including copper and tungsten) processing environments, while roughness controllable diamonds are evolving into a new type of material for chemical mechanical polishing.

17.Cover the surface of the tantalum spinneret with a diamond film

Spinning head is a key component of chemical fiber textile, its performance will affect the quality of spinning, productivity, cost and many other economic indicators. Under normal circumstances, the material of the spinneret should meet the following requirements:

(1) good mechanical processing performance;

(2) good corrosion resistance, can withstand the corrosion of acid and alkali environment;

(3) have sufficient strength and hardness, can withstand a certain impact and working pressure, and in the spinning process is not easy to deformation;

(4) low cost

Chemical fiber industry with spinneret has been used gold platinum alloy, manufacturing costs are too high, now people try to use relatively inexpensive tantalum instead of gold and platinum alloy production spinneret. Tantalum spray head faces the following two questions:

(1) to improve its hardness, to prevent deformation caused by the spinneret scrapped;

(2) to improve its corrosion resistance under alkaline working conditions.

The carbonation of the tantalum substrate helps to improve the adhesion of the diamond film on its surface, so that the diamond film can be successfully deposited on the surface of the tantalum spinneret.

By changing the process parameters of CVD can be obtained on the surface of tantalum spinnerets of different sizes of diamond films.The finished diamond film tantalum spinneret has its spinning performance and spinning quality meet or exceed the traditional spinning head, can replace the gold platinum spinneret, which greatly reduce the production cost, while the diamond film particles reduction in diameter has a beneficial effect on the hardness and spinning quality of the surface of the spinneret.